Yini Okufanele Uyakhetha Ukugcina Kwempilo Yezilwane Ukuthi Kube Nendawo Yokuhlala Ngaphandle Kokukhula

Ukukhetha ukupakisha ukudla okufanelekayo kwezilwane ezifuywayo kuyisinqumo esibalulekile esithinta ngokuqondile ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo, ukwaneliseka kwabathengi, nenzuzo yebhizinisi. Isixazululo esifanele sokupakisha asigcini nje ngokugcina inani lokudla okunomsoco nokunambitheka kodwa futhi sinweba isikhathi sokugcina, sinciphise imfucuza futhi silondoloze idumela lomkhiqizo emakethe enokuncintisana okwandayo. Ukuqonda ubudlelwane obuyinkimbinkimbi phakathi kwezinto zokupakisha, izakhiwo ezivimbelayo, kanye nobuchwepheshe bokulondoloza kuba okubalulekile kubakhiqizi abafuna ukuletha imikhiqizo yokudla kwezilwane ezifuywayo esezingeni eliphakeme ehlala isisha phakathi nesikhathi sokugcinwa kwayo okuhlosiwe.

Isayensi esekela ukupakisha ukudla kwezilwane ezifuywayo okuphumelelayo ihilela izici eziningi ezixhumene, kuhlanganise nezinga lokudluliswa komoya-mpilo, ukudluliswa komusi womswakama, ukuvikelwa ukukhanya, nokuhambisana kwezinto ezisetshenziswayo nezindlela ezihlukahlukene zokudla kwezilwane ezifuywayo. Abakhiqizi banamuhla bokudla kwezilwane ezifuywayo kumelwe babhekane nezimo eziyinkimbinkimbi ezisukela ekuzweleleni izithako kuya ezimweni zemvelo phakathi nokusabalalisa nokugcina. Le ndlela ephelele yokukhetha ukupakisha iqinisekisa ukuthi ukudla kwezilwane ezifuywayo okuphezulu kugcina amaphrofayli awo okudla, ukunambitheka, nezindinganiso zokuphepha kusukela ekukhiqizeni kuze kube sekudleni, ekugcineni kusekela impilo yezilwane ezifuywayo nokwaneliseka komnikazi.

Ukuqonda Izakhiwo Zokuvimbela Ukukhetha Izinto

Izidingo zesithiyo se-oxygen ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zokudla kwezilwane ezifuywayo

Ukubhekana ne-oksijini kuyisibonelo esikhulu sokuthi kuzoba yinkululeko yokugcina umlando wamaphoyisa wezilwane, okusenza ukuthi izilwane zihlukwe ngokuphakanyiswa kwe-lipid, ukuthi izinkululeko zihlukwe, nokuthi izilwane zingathandi ukudla. Izinhlelo zezilwane zokudla ezahlukeneyo zidinga amaqhina amahlanu okubhekana ne-oksijini ngokwahlukahluka kwezinkululeko zabo, izindlela zokufaka emkhakheni, nokuthi kuzoba yikuphi umlando wokugcina okudingekayo. I-dry kibble ishushu kakhulu kunezinkululeko zokudla zezilwane, futhi inqubomgomo yokuqinisa i-oksijini ingadingeka kakhulu, ngakho-ke izilwane zokudla eziphambili zokufika emkhakheni noma izilwane zokudla eziningi kakhulu zokudla zidinga ukuthi iqinisekwe kakhulu ukuze kungavunyelwe ukuthi zihlukwe kahle.

Ukukhetha izinto ezinamaphoyisa okubhekana ne-oksijini ziyidinga ukuziqonda iziphakamiso zokuthi i-oksijini iyafika ngemitha yemizuzwana yemeteru yezindawo ngeminyaka. Izinhlelo ezimbili ukupakisha kwebhoda yezilwane ukufaka amaphoyile we-aluminum kusinika ukuthintana okuphezulu kwe-oxygen okungaphezu kwe-0.01 cc/m²/ngwesikhathi, ngakho-ke amafilmi atholakalwe ngamathali ayisisekelo esibonakalayo sokulinda izinto ezihlukene zokusebenza kwezinto eziyisilisa. Ukuziqonda lezi zizindlela zokusebenza zokulinda kusiza abasebenzi ukubambisana ukusebenza kwezinkotho nezinkinga zokusebenza kwezinto zokusebenza nokuthintana kwezinkinga zokugcina.

Izintechini ezidelelayo zokulinda ezifana ne-ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymers ne-silicon oxide coatings zisiza ekuthintaneni kwe-oxygen ngokuphezulu ngakho-ke ukuthintana kwezinkotho kuyasindiswa futhi ukuthintana kwezinkotho kuyasindiswa. Lezi zinhlobo zezinto zisiza abasebenzi ukufikwa emva kwezinkinga zokugcina ngaphandle kokuthintana kwezinkotho noma kwezinkinga zokusebenza kwezinkotho. Ukukhetha ukuthintana kwezinkotho kufanele kubhekiswe kubuhlungu bokuthintana kwezinkinga zokulinda eziningi, ukuthi ukuthintana kwe-oxygen kwenze isibonakalayo ngokuphezulu ngokuthintana kwe-moisture management nezinkinga zokulinda kwe-light.

Ukuthintana kwe-Moisture ne-Transmission yama-Water Vapor

Ukukhokha kwamandla okugcina amanzi kuyasebenza ngendlela engeziweyo ekuphatha ubuhle bempilo yezilwane, ukunqoba ukuthi izithelo zizwe noma zihlabele, ukungena kwabakteriya, nokuguqula kokubili okufana nokuzwelela kwezithelo uma ziyathola amanzi esikhaleni. Kufanele isivinini sokugcina amanzi sikhululeke ngokulinganisana ngokuchanekileyo nesilinganiso sesithelo sokuphatha amanzi sezilwane nezinkambu zokuthola amanzi ukuze kubhekwe ubuhle bokusebenza kwezithelo ngokuphelele kusikhathi sokusebenza esifanele. Izithelo ezishushu zezilwane ziyadinga izipakethi ezingaphansi kwe-1.0 grams ngasemetseng wamaphepha ngosuku ukuze kuvikeleke ukuthola amanzi okungavumeli ukuthi kubheke kakhulu futhi kwenze ukuthi kubhekwe ngokungafanele.

Ukuhlanganisa kwezimo zokuhlanza kwesikhathi nezinkinga zokubhala kwezinto zokufakwa kuzoba yinkululeko eyodwa kakhulu kubaproducts obuyiswe kumaphakathi amaningi okwesifundazwe noma kwezimo zokuhlanza ezingafanayo. Izindawo eziphezulu kakhulu kwezimo zokuhlanza zidinga izinkinga zokubhala kwezinto zokufakwa eziningi kakhulu kwezinto zokuhlanza, ngakho-ke izindawo eziphansi kakhulu kwezimo zokuhlanza mhlawumbi zidinga ukuthi kubhekwe kahle ukuthi kungabi nokuqondana kwezinto zokufakwa ukuze kungabikho ukuphela kwezinto zokuhlanza okungathinti isibonelo sokukhula. Ukudesigna kwezinto zokufakwa kwebhodi yezinkomo kubhekisa lezi zimo zokuhlanza kusukela ekukhetheni izinto zokufakwa nokubhala kwezinkinga zokubhala.

Izintechinoloji zokubhala izibonakaliso zezindawo zokugcina amanzi zasezinsukwini zisisebenzisa iziqu zepolimha zokuphepha nokufaka amakhodi okuhambisana ngezindlela ezithile ukubhala amanzi ngokuphelele, ngakho kubhekwa ukuthi iphakheji iyaphila ngokuphelele xa kusebenziswa nokugcinwa. Lezi ziqembu zesikhondlo esiphambili zisiza abahlinzi bokwenza ukuthi bahlakele ukubhala amanzi ngokuphelele kwezinto ezenziwe ngokuthile futhi kuzilungiselela izimo zomkhakha wokuthengiswa, ukuvumela ukuthi ubukhulu buya kubuyiswe ngokuphelele ngaphandle kokubhekwa kwezinkinga zokuthengiswa noma izimo zokugcinwa.

Ukuvikela Kusuka Kwesibonakaliso Nokuvikela Kusuka Kwesibonakaliso Se-UV

Ukuchayeka ekukhanyeni, ikakhulukazi emisebeni ye-ultraviolet, kubangela ukuwohloka okukhulu kwamavithamini, ama-antioxidants, nezinye izakhi ezibucayi ezivame ukutholakala ekudleni kwezilwane ezifuywayo okuphezulu. Ukuvikelwa kokukhanya okuphumelelayo kudinga ukuqonda amabanga amaza athile abangela ukuwohloka kwe-photochemical nokukhetha izinto zokupakisha ezinempahla efanele yokudlulisa ukukhanya. Amavithamini amaningi kuhlanganise uvithamini A, uvithamini E, ne-riboflavin avame ukuwohloka lapho kukhanya, okubangela ukuba kunciphe ukudla kwawo futhi kungadala ukunambitheka okungafanele.

Izinkambo zokugcina izinkomo ezizimayele kwezindawo ezingasemthwakathini, kungakhelwa amaphili we-aluminum nezifilm ezingabhalwe ngokuphelele, zinikeza ukulinda kwakho kwezinkambo zokubona ngokuphelele, ngakho-ke izinkambo ezingasemthwakathini zingahlanganisa izinkambo ezingavula UV noma izicelo esizingenayo ukuthi zilinde izinkambo zokubona ezingazivulekile. Ukukhetha phakathi kwezinkambo ezingasemthwakathini nezinkambo ezingasemthwakathini zingahlanganisa ukulinda kwakho kwezinkambo zokubona nokuthandana kwebhizinisi ngezinkambo zokubona kanye nokuthandana kwebhizinisi ngezinkambo zokubonisa isibhizinisi.

Iziteknoloji zesibhizinisi sokubona esizingenayo, kungakhelwa izinkambo ezingavulwe ngokuphelele nezinkambo zokuvula UV ezingenayo kuzo izipolimha, zinikeza abahlinzi ukuthi bafumane ukulinda kwakho kwezinkambo zokubona ngokuphelele ngakho-ke bakhangele ukubonisa kwakho kwezinkambo zokugcina kanye nokuthandana kwebhizinisi ngezinkambo zokugcina. Lezi zisombululo zinikeza izindlela zokudesigna izinkambo ngokucacile ngakho-ke zinikeza ukuthi izinkambo ezingazivulekile ziyisibhizinisi sokubona ngokuphelele ngokuphelele kwezinsuku zokugcina ngokuphelele kwezinsuku zokugcina ngokuphelele kwezinsuku zokugcina.

Izinkinga Zokufomatha Kwesibhizinisi Kanye Nezinkinga Zokugcina

Izinkinga Zokufomatha Kwesibhizinisi Ngokuvulayo Kanye Nezinkinga Zokugcina

Izifomathi zokugcina izinkomo zokudla zokuphatha kakhulu zinamathuba amaningi yokubusa isikhathi sokusebenza kusukela ekutholeni kwezinkinga ezihle, ukusetshenziswa kahle kwemithombo, nokuthola ukuthi izilayini zokugcina ziyasebenza kahle uma zihlalwe kanye nezakhiwo. Izipucho zokuhlala phansi, izipucho ezingaphansi, nezipucho zokulwa ngokuphelele zinamathuba amaningi okugcina izinkomo zokudla, noma yiziphi izinkomo zokudla, ngokuthi izinto zokudla ziyisiphi, isikhathi sokusebenza esifanele, nokuthanda kwezinkomo zokudla ngokwesibonelo. Ukunakwa kokufaka amakhaya amaningi okugcina kumakhaya okuphatha kakhulu akunceda ukuthi sibuke ngokucacile ukuthi ukuthi kuyaphuma kwe-oxygen, ukuthi kuyaphuma kwe-moisture, nokuthi kuyaphuma kwe-light.

Izinsimbi zokuvula futhi zokufaka kuzo zihlala zinamandla amaningi ekugcina ubuhle baproduct ngemuva kokuvula kwakho kwe-package, ukhulisa isikhathi sokubalwa kwesikhele kwehause futhi ukugcina ubuhle baproduct baphatha abantu abayisebenzisa izipaki ezingaphezulu. Izinsimbi zokuvula ngokuphepha, izinsimbi zokugcinwa ngokuphepha kwe-adhesive, nokuvula ngokuphepha kwe-slider zinakha izinhlobo ezahlukene zokugcinwa kwe-seal futhi ubuhle bokusebenza kwe-consumer, nokuchaza kusuka kumabizo okuzilungileyo kwe-demographic futhi izidingo zokugcinwa kwe-product.

Izintechonoloji zokupakisha ephakeme ezifana ne-laser scoring ukuvula ngokumelene, izivali zokuvula ukususa amagazi kwe-vacuum packaging, futhi izinketho zokuboniswa ukuthi kwenziwe umsebenzi wokugcinwa zihlala zinamandla amaningi ekugcinwa kwe-product futhi ubuhle bokusebenza kwe-consumer. Lezi zintechonoloji zisiza abahambisi ukuthi bahlukanise iziproduct zabo ngaphandle kokugcina ubuhle bokugcinwa kwe-barrier futhi ubuhle bokubalwa kwesikhathi eside okusiza kumathuba okuhlukanisa iziproduct ngokuphelele.

Ukugxilwa kwe-Modified Atmosphere Packaging

Ukupakisha kwezimo eziyisilinganisiweyo kubonisa indlela eyisiphephiso esiphambili yokugcina ukuthi izinkomo ziyadlula ngokushesha ngokufaka amagasi okuhlonipha emseleni wokupakisha ukuze kuvalelwe ukuthi kuzwakala nokuthi kubhekwa ngamaphoyisa. Ukufakwa kwe-nitrogen kususa i-oxygen kusendaweni yomseleni, futhi i-carbon dioxide inekhono elingelungileyo yokuvalela amaphoyisa kumazinyo amathile. Ukugxilwa kwezimo eziyisilinganisiweyo kudinga ukuchazela kahle phakathi kwezinkotho zokupakisha, izindlela zokugxila, nokuthi amagasi akhethwe ngokulinganisa.

Ukwenza kahle ukupakisha kwezimo eziyisilinganisiweyo kuyidinga ukukhetha izinkotho zokupakisha zezinkomo zokudla ngezinkinga zokuvalela amagasi okufanele ukuze kugcinwe izimo zokupakisha ngokulinganisa kusendaweni yokuqondwa yokugcina. Ukuthi i-oxygen isihamba ngokushesha kungaba yinto enkulu ekuvaleleni izimo, futhi ukugxila kahle kuyadinga ukuthi amagasi okuhlonipha kugcinwe emseleni wokupakisha.

Izinkinga zokusebenzisa isikhundla sokubeka izinto ngokwesibonelo sokugcina amasiko (MAP) zihlanganisa ukuthenga kwamashini, ubuncane bokusebenza, nokuthenga kwezinto ezisebenzayo, okufanana nokuthenga kwezinto ezingcono kakhulu zokugcina izinto noma ukuthenga kwezinto ezingcono kakhulu zokugcina ubuchwepheshe bezinto. Abaprositha abaningi bezigidi zezincwadi zokudla kwezilwane zifuna ukuthi ubuchwepheshe obungcono kakhulu bezinto nokuphula kwezinto ezingcono kakhulu zokugcina izinto zibonakala kahle kakhulu, ikakhulukazi kumaformule apho amasiko aqondwa kakhulu kanye nezindlela zokuhambisa eziningi.

Izinkathi zokuphatha kwezinhloso kanye nokuplanisha izimo zokugcina izinto

Ukuthutha Kwezinkelinga kanye Nokuphepha Kwesithuthi

Ukuguqula kwezintemperatura ngokugcina nokuhambisa kubangela ubungavumeleki befood yezilwane, kubangela izindlela zokuchitha ukuthi zihlukile kanye nezindlela zokuguqula ukuthi zihlukile kanye nokubonakaliswa kwesikhathi sokugcina. Ipackaging yefood yezilwane ephumelelayo kufanele ibe ngezintemperatura ezizokubonakala kuwo wonke umthombo wokuhambisa, kusukela emasimini okuproducwa kuya emasimini okuthengiswa kuya ekhaya lokusebenzisa. Izintemperatura ezide kubangela ukuthi ukuchitha kwe-lipid, ukuchitha kwe-vitamin, nokuthi kuzofika izindlela zokuchitha zokubonakala kanye nokuthi kuzohlela ukuthi kungafanele ukuthengiswa.

Izici zokumelana nokushisa kwezinto zokupakisha ziba ezibaluleke kakhulu emikhiqizweni etholakala emazingeni okushisa aphezulu ngesikhathi sokuthumela noma sokugcina ezindaweni ezingekho ngaphansi kokulawulwa kwesimo sezulu. Amaphakethe okupakisha abonisa ukukhanya, izingqimba zezinto ezivikelayo, nokucabangela isisindo esishisayo kusiza ukunciphisa umthelela wokushisa ekudleni kwezilwane ezifuywayo okuzwelayo. Ukuqonda amaphethini ezimo zezulu ezifundeni kanye nengqalasizinda yokusabalalisa kwenza abakhiqizi bakwazi ukucacisa amazinga afanele okuvikela ukushisa ezindaweni ezahlukene zemakethe.

Izixazululo zokupakisha ezithuthukile zifaka ubuchwepheshe bokubonisa izinga lokushisa obunika ubufakazi obubonakalayo bokuthi umuntu uhlukunyezwe ukushisa, okwenza abalingani bezimboni bakwazi ukubona imikhiqizo okungenzeka ukuthi ibhekene nezimo eziphazamisa ikhwalithi. Lezi zinhlelo zisekela izivumelwano zokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi ngenkathi zinikeza impendulo ebalulekile yokwandisa izinqubo zokusabalalisa kanye nemikhuba yokugcina kulo lonke uchungechunge lokuthengisa.

Ukulawulwa Komswakama Nezimo Zomoya

Izinguquko zokuphakanyiswa kwe-humidity yezinye izindawo ziyabika izinkinga eziphambili ekugcineni ubukhulu besithelo sesibindi, noma ukuphakanyiswa kwe-humidity kuyabiza ukuthi kubhekwe isibindi sokufa kanye nokuthi kubhekwe isibindi sokufa ngamaphutha, futhi ukuncanyiswa kwe-humidity kuyabiza ukuthi kubhekwe ukuncanyiswa kwe-moisture kanye nokuguqula kwesithelo. Izinguquko zokuphakanyiswa kwe-humidity zezinye izindawo, izinguquko zeminyaka, kanye nezimo zezindawo zokugcina zonke ziyahlanya izidingo zokuphatha i-moisture ukuze kwenziwe isithelo sesibindi esihle. Izinto ezihlawulwa emazwe amaningi kudinga izinkokhelo zokuvimbela i-moisture ezinamandla okuziphatha ngokuphelele phakathi kwezimo zezinhlobo zezizwe.

Ukugxilwa kwe-desiccant kubonisa indlela eyadlulayo yokuphatha umsindo, okuyinto ekusenzela ukususa umsindo ophezulu kwemiphakathi yebhokisi, ukunika ukuvikelwa okwengeziwe phansi komsindo wokugcina ubukhulu. Izipaki zesi-silica gel, izinkotho zomkhombi wemolekyuli, nezinhlangano zezidesikanti ezingxilwe ngokuphelele zinakho amandla okususa umsindo nokuthembeka okuhluke kahle, okuyisibonelo sokusebenza kwezibhokisi zempilo yamaphoyisa.

Ukuhlukaniswa phakathi kokuphatha umsindo nesizinye sezinkinga zokuvikela kufanele kwenziwe ngokujabulisana kahle ukuze kwenziwe ukuthembeka kwezinhlangano zonke zebhokisi ngaphandle kokwenza izinto ezingavumelekile. Ukususa umsindo kakhulu kungathinta ukuthanda kwebhokisi, futhi ukungakwazi ukuphatha umsindo kungavikela isikhundla sokuvikela emthwakaleni kanye nokuthembeka kwezinsuku zokusebenza.

Imithambo Yokuzimisa Ubukhulu Nobuchwepheshe

Imithambo Yokuzimisa Isikhundla Sokusebenza Ngokusha

Ukuhlolwa kokugcina isikhathi okusheshisiwe kunikeza idatha ebalulekile yokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kokupakisha kokudla kwezilwane ezifuywayo nokubikezela ukuzinza kokugcina ngesikhathi sangempela ngaphansi kwezimo ezahlukahlukene. Lezi zinqubo zokuhlola zisebenzisa amazinga okushisa aphakeme, amazinga omswakama, nokuchayeka ekukhanyeni ukuze kulandelwe isikhathi eside sokugcinwa ngaphakathi kwezinkathi zesikhathi ezicindezelwe, okwenza abakhiqizi bakwazi ukuhlola ukusebenza kahle kokupakisha ngaphambi kokukhiqizwa okuphelele nokwethulwa emakethe. Ukwakhiwa kwesilingo okufanele kubheka izindlela eziqondile zokubola ezifanele izilungiselelo ezithile zokudla kwezilwane ezifuywayo nezinhlelo zokupakisha.

Amakamelo okuhlola alawulwa izinga lokushisa agcina izimo eziqondile zemvelo ngenkathi elandelela izinkomba eziyinhloko zekhwalithi kubandakanya imikhiqizo ye-lipid oxidation, ukugcinwa kwamavithamini, okuqukethwe umswakama, kanye nezici zomzwelo. Ukuhlobana phakathi kwemiphumela yokuhlola esheshayo nokusebenza kokugcina isikhathi sangempela kudinga ukuqinisekiswa ngezinhlelo zokuhlola ezifanayo eziqinisekisa ukunemba kokubikezela. Amaphrothokholi okuhlola asebenzayo abuye ahlole ubuqotho bokupakisha, amandla okuvala, kanye nokugcinwa kwezakhiwo zokuvimbela ngaphansi kwezimo ezicindezelayo.

Ukuhlaziywa kwezibalo kwedatha yokuhlolwa okusheshisiwe kwenza abakhiqizi bakwazi ukusungula izibikezelo ezinokwethenjelwa zesikhathi sokugcina futhi bakhombe izincazelo zokupakisha ezilungele ukwakheka kwemikhiqizo ethile. Lezi zindlela ezisekelwe kudatha zisekela izidingo zokulandela imithetho ngenkathi zinikeza izinzuzo zokuncintisana ngokusebenzisa izimangalo zekhwalithi eziqinisekiswe ngokwesayensi kanye namakhono esikhathi sokugcina esandisiwe.

Ukuqapha Isikhathi Sangempela Nokuhlola Ikhwalithi

Ukuhlola ukuthi ubukhulu kubuyela phambili ngokuzimisa kwezindawo zokugcina nezindawo zokuthengisa kusiza ekuthi kubonakaliswe ukuthi iphakijini ibaluleke kangakanani ngemizamo yezinsizakwane, futhi kusiza ekuthi kubonakaliswe izinkinga ezinokuthi zibe yizinkinga zokufuna ukuthi abasebenzi bakhathazwe. Izindlela zokugcina izampulu, izinkampani zokuhlola ngokushesha, nokulandela izindlela zokuhlola ubukhulu kusiza abaphatha ukuthi bavumile ukuthi iphakijini yempilo yezinja iyabuza ubukhulu bokuphatha ngokuphelele kwezinsizakwane zokugcina. Ukulandela okuphakathi kusiza futhi ekutholeni izimpendulo ezibalulekileyo ekuthinteni izindlela zokuphakijini futhi ekutholeni izindlela zokuthuthukisa.

Izindlela zokuhlola ezide kakhulu, kufaka ukuhlola kwamagasi emkhanda, ukuhlola kwezivinini zokuvula, nokuhlola kwezinye izinto zokuhamba ngokuphelele kusiza ekutholeni izimpendulo ezide kakhulu ngokubaluleka kwezindlela zokuphakijini nokubaluleka kwebukhulu bokuphatha. Lezi zindlela zokuhlola eziphelele kusiza ekutholeni ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubuyeke kubukhulu ngokushesha, futhi kusiza ekuthuthukisweni okuphakathi okusiza ekuthuthukiseni ubukhulu bokuphakijini futhi ekunzuzeni ubukhulu bokugcina.

Ukuhlanganisa kwezindaba zokusonga kwezinkampani zokufaka isikhundla esincono kubhekisele kuqinisekisa ukuthi bonke abaprofayili bakugcina izindlela zokudistribute bazi ngomsebenzi wabo ekugcineni ubukhulu bomthwalo ngokunika umbuzo ngemiphumela yezindlela zokugcina nokusebenza okuyisibonelo sokuthi izindlela zokugcina ziyathinta ukusebenza kwemithwalo. Lokhu kucaphuna kakhulu ukuphatha kwezinkampani ngokuphatha kwezinkampani kubhekisele kuqinisekisa ubuhle bokusho ngokuphatha kwezinkampani kusukela ekwenyenzini kuya kuzokufa.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Yiziphi izinkinga zokuvimbela eziphambili okufanele ukubhekiswa ngezindlela zokugcina izinkomo zokudla uma kufanele kubhekelwa ukuthi kuzokweshwa kahle?

Izinsizakalo ezintathu eziphambili kakhulu zokugcina izinkomo zokudla ziyizindlela zokuhamba kwe-oksijini, izindlela zokuhamba kwamanzi, nezinsizakalo zokuhamba kwelighayi. Izinsizakalo zokugcina i-oksijini zikhindza ukuthi izilipidi zihlabe kanye nokuthi zibheke, izinsizakalo zokugcina amanzi zikhangela ubukhulu bokudla futhi zikhindza ukuthi kubhekwe, ngakho-ke izinsizakalo zokugcina ilighayi zikhangela amavithamini kanye nezinkhombe ezingenakwazi ukuthi zihlabe ngokusebenzisa ilighayi. Izinkotho eziningi zokugcina zezincamo zokugcina zinokuphatha okuphelele, ngakho-ke izifilmu zokugcina zezincamo zinokuphatha okuhle kuzinto zokusebenza zokubaluleka.

Izinhlobo zezinkomo zokudla ziyathinta njani izinqumo zokugcina ukusiza ukuthi izinkomo zokudla zizimele kakhulu?

Amazinkhulu okuphatha amanzi kakhulu akufuneki ukuthi abe nesibonelo sokugcina isilwane sokuxhumana nesikhalo ngokupheleleyo ngoba kubhekiswe kuzo izinkinga zokuxhumana nokuxhumana kwe-oxygen, futhi amazinkhulu okuphatha amanzi angaphezulu kufuneka abe nesibonelo esihle sokugcina isilwane sokuxhumana nesikhalo ukuze bavikele isilwane sokuxhumana nesikhalo futhi bakhangele isibonelo sokuxhumana nesikhalo. Amazinkhulu okuphatha amanzi okuqondwa ngokushisa futhi amazinkhulu okuphatha amanzi okwesibonelo sokuxhumana nesikhalo kufuneka abe nenkulu yezibonelo ezihle zokuxhumana nesikhalo zonke izinto, futhi amazinkhulu okuphatha amanzi okwesibonelo sokuxhumana nesikhalo ayakwenzela ukusebenzisa izibonelo zokuxhumana nesikhalo ezinomthelela. Amazinkhulu okuphatha amanzi nezinye izinto ezingaphansi kwezinye izinto zokuphatha amanzi zifuna ukuthi zibe nesibonelo esihle sokuphatha amanzi ukuze bakhangele isibonelo sokuxhumana nesikhalo ngokupheleleyo ngokugcina isikhathi sokugcina.

Ukuthi iphakethi yokuhlelwa kwesimo sokuxhumana nesikhalo inenjongo yini ekususeni isikhathi sokugcina kwamazinkhulu okuphatha amanzi?

Ukupakisha kwezimo eziyisilisa kubuyisa amafutha emphakathi ngamagasi okuhlinzekisa, okunjalo noma ngamagasi amabili ase-Nitrogen noma ngamagasi ase-Nitrogen ne-Carbon Dioxide, okunquma ukuguqula kwezinkokhelo kanye nokunzima kokuphakama kwesikhathi sokugcina. Lokhu kusebenza kahle kumazinto amaninzi amaninzi, amazinto athuluzwa ngokufutshane, kanye namazinto amakhulu apho ukubaluleka kwezinkokhelo zokuphakama kuyisisekelo. Ukusebenza kahle kuyidinga amaphakishi enobuchwepheshe obuhle kakhulu bokuhlinzekisa ukuze kubuyiselwe izimo zokuhlinzekisa ngokuphelele kusikhathi sokugcina.

Ngani abasemthengisi bangavumela ukuthi iphakishi labo liyifika ekusikhathini sokugcina esizimisekile?

Ukuhlolwa kokugcina isikhathi okusheshisiwe kusetshenziswa izimo zokushisa nomswakama ophakeme kunikeza ukuqinisekiswa okusheshayo kokusebenza kwephakheji, kuyilapho ukuqapha kwesikhathi sangempela kuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwangempela kokugcinwa. Ukuhlolwa kufanele kuhlolwe izinkomba eziyinhloko zekhwalithi kuhlanganise ne-lipid oxidation, ukugcinwa kwamavithamini, umsoco kanye nezici zomzwelo. Ukuqinisekisa okufanele kuhlanganisa idatha yokuhlola esheshisiwe nezifundo zokuqinisekisa ngesikhathi sangempela ukusungula izinsolo ezinokwethenjelwa zesikhathi sokugcina esisekelwa ubufakazi besayensi.