Ukukhetha Iibhagi Zokugcina Ngokupheleleyo Zokugcina Amathuba Okugcina Isithwala

Kubazibhalwa ngamaphakheji emithi yokuqala, amaphakheji amakhulu, izindlu zokuphatha izinkozo, nokuthengiselwa kwemithi, ubukhulu bakwepakheji kubangela ubukhulu bekuphatha imithi, ukugcina kwezindawo zokugcina, nokuthanda kwebhizinisi. Uma imithi ithengiselwa, ithathelwa, nokugcinwa ngamakhulu, amaphakheji amaningi aseplastiki angabikho ngenkulu yokuphatha kusuka kumoya, umlilo, ukushisa, okanye ukuthiwa kwezinto ezihle. Amakhambi okupakisha ngokulahleka kwevakiwamu bavulela indlela eyodwa yokuziphatha kwezinkinga zemithi, kodwa ukuchaza iprodukthi eyodwa kuyadinga ukuzilungiselela ngokucophelela.

Ipakheji esebenzayo yokuvacuum kufanele ibe yisibonelo somthi wokudla, isikhathi sokugcina, izinkotho zokupakha, izimo zokuthumela, nokuthandwa kwebhizinisi. Indlela engeyona yomkhulu ayizoyona yomkhulu wokusebenza. Ipakheji eyakhiwa ekupakheni, ekugcineni, okanye ekuthumeleni iyakha inkinga yokuthiwa kwezinto ezihle futhi iyakwakha izindlela zokusebenza.

1. Faka isibonelo sokugcina kwezinkozo zakho

Ngaphambi kokukhetha ibhagi yokugcina ngokuphuma kwamandla, izibonelo zokusebenza kufanele zizazi izinkulungwane zomshado ozogcinwa. Izinto ezihlukahlukene zidinga amandla amahlanu, ukuzimela nokubambisana kwezinkinga zokugcina.

Umshado wokushisa

Umshado wokushisa unako ukuba unemithi, izinyathelo ezingenayo noma amanzi. Ngakho ke ukugcina kufanele kube nomkhawulo wokugqibela okuphelele nokubambisana okuholela kakhulu. Kumaqanda amakhulu wezishisa, ibhagi kufanele ibe yimileyo ukuze ibe yinkulungwane yomshado futhi ibe yinkulungwane yokubambisana.

Umkhumbi wokushisa

Umkhumbi wokushisa unako ukuba unamansi futhi unako ukuba ugcinwe noma ushikelelwe emhlabeni wokuchitha. Ukugcina kufanele kube nomkhawulo wokugqibela nokuzimela emhlabeni wokuchitha. Kumaqanda amakhulu wezishisa njengezishisa, izishishini, izicabha noma izilwane zomkhumbi, abafundi bafanele bakhangane kakhulu nokuzimela kwezinyathelo.

Izishini nezinto eziphatha ngokuvamile

Izishini, umshado wokuvula, nezinto eziphatha ngokuvamile zinako ukuba ziyisikhundla sokuxhumana ne-oksijini nokuthintana kwezinyathelo. Ibhagi yokugcina ngokuphuma kwamandla iyakusiza ekubambiseni ubukhulu bomshado futhi ukubambisana kwezinyathelo zokugcina.

Iphahla lekofi, amaqanda, nokhotho okwesokhwe

Amakhithi okwesokhwe kungadinga ukulondoloza kusukela kwe-oksijini, umdla, nokukhupha kwamaphuzu. Ngokwehlabathi lokusebenza nokuxhumana kwezikhathi zokugcina, kungadinga isithembiso esipheleleyo sokulondoloza.

Umbhalali kufanele abe yilokho okuhlanganisa uhlobo lwempahla, ubude bwe-mdla, isikhathi sokugcina, nokuthi kuyakuba yini isikhathi sokugcina sokubhekise kusukela emva kokumelwa isithembiso sokulondoloza.

2. Khetha isithembiso sesifilm esifanele

Amaphakhi we-vacuum ayasebenzisa izifilm eziningi. Indima yezinye i-layer iyathatha iziphumo ezihlukene, njengokoqobo, ukuzimela, ukuthenga, noma ukulondoloza.

Izisombululo esizenzakaleyo zingaba zikombinisa i-polyamide, i-polyethylene, i-polyester, namakhithi enye okuyizimpahla ezingasendaweni yempahla. I-polyamide ingathatha indima yokulinda ukuthi kubhakwe noma ukuthi kubhekise kwezindima, ngakho-ke i-polyethylene isebenzisa kakhulu njenge-layer yokuthenga.

Isithembiso esifanele sivame ukubhekise kusukela kwezinhloso. Isibonelo:

• Amaphahla amadala angadinga ukuzimela nokubona.
• Izinkomo ezinakho emhlabathini kuzodinga ukuthi ibe nemiphumela yokuphepha okwanele.
• Izinkomishi eziqondwa kuzodinga ukuthi zibe nemiphumela yokuqondwa kwezinsuku ezincane.
• Izinkomishi ezinamandla amanzi kuzodinga ukuthi zibe nemiphumela yokubhala okwanele.
• Amalayini okupaka kwezikhathi eziningi kuzodinga ukuthi zibe nemiphumela yokubhala okwanele.

Kukulandela umthunywa, abavendisa kufanele bafake isithembiso sokugcina sasekhaya ngokuphelele, kodwa akufanele bavumele isibonelo esingaphansi njengoko “iplastiki eyenkulu.” Isibonelo kufanele sibone amaphakathi amabili, ubude obuphelele, isilayiya yokubhala, nokusebenza okumelwe.

3. Khetha Ubude Obuhle Bawebhagi

Ubude bubuhlobo obubalulekile kwezinkomishi zokuvacuum, kodwa iwebhagi enkulu kakhulu ayisibonelo esihle kakhulu. Ubude obungapheleli kuzodinga ukuthi kubekwe kancane kwezinto, futhi kuncane ukuthi kubekwe kancane kwezinto, kodwa ubude obungapheleli kuzodinga ukuthi kubhekwe noma kubhekwe.

Ubude obuhle kufanele kubhekwe ngokwalemi:

• Ubunzima bezinkomishi
• Uhlobo lwesinto ezizokuthengwa
• Amagugu amahle noma amasango
• Umthombo Wokuphakamisa
• ## Izinga Lokugcina
• Umbhalo wokuhambisa
• Ukuhlanya kwezinqubo
• Ukukhokha kwezikhathi

Kubakho izinto ezincane nezinye zokufana ngezinye, isifilm esingaphansi kakhulu singasebenza kahle. Kumaqanda amathuba okunye nokuphakama, isithakazelo esikhulu singadingeka.

Izibonelo zokusebenza kufanele zizamele isack ngokwesiqondiso sokuthi, akasenzi kuphela ngokubona i-specification sheet. Isack esisemthethweni esihamba kahle ngezinto eziphansi kakhulu kungadala ukusobala xa isebenzisa ngamathambo okanye ngamashisa asefrozen.

4. Hlola ubude bokugcina nokulayisha izinto

Ubude bokugcina buyafaka isibonelo esikhulu kwezinto ezingaphansi, isikhathi sokugcina, ubuchule bokugcina, nokubalwa kwesikhathi sokugcina.

Isack esincane kakhulu singabangela ukungafani kwezinto nokungafani kwezikhathi sokugcina. Isack esikhulu kakhulu singabangela ukuvutha kwezinto nokudala isikhathi esingaphansi kakhulu ngendawo yokugcina.

Xa uyahlola ubude, hlola lezi zinto:

• Ubude nobubanzi bokugcina
• Ububanzi bephrojekthi
• Ubuhlonipho Bokuphi
• Indlela Yokulayisha
• Isikhathi sokugcina esidingekayo
• Ubukhulu be-mashini yokuhlanza
• Izinqumo zokugcina nokugcina ngokujulile

Kubazwe izibaguli ezihlukene ukuthi zizame ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwezinkambo. Izibaguli zezindilinga zokusebenza zingase ziyasebenza kakhulu kumaphuzu amaningi asebhodeni, ngakho-ke izibaguli ezihlukene zingase ziyasebenza kakhulu kumaphuzu angafanayo noma amaphuzu amaningi asebhodeni.

Ibhalu kufanele ibe nekhaya elikhulu ukuthi libekeke ngokuphelele ngaphandle kokubeka imithwalo eminingi emva kwezinto ezingcwele. Indawo yokubhala kufanele ibe yisikhathi esihle futhi isihle ukuze kwenziwe ubhali olungile.

5. Qinisekisa Ukuthi Kuyasebenza Ngezinhlelo Zokusebenza Zakho

Ama-baguli akhona wonke okuhlanza ayasebenza ngokulingana kuzonke izinhlelo zokusebenza. Kufanele ukuthi kubhekwe ukuthi kuyasebenza ngezinhlelo zokusebenza phambi kokuthenga izibaguli ezinkulu.

Izinkinga eziphambili zivela ku:

• I-mashini yokuhlanza yasekhaya noma i-mashini yokuhlanza yangaphandle
• Umgqa wokubhala owodwa noma owesibili
• Ukuchitha kwesikhathi sokuhlanza
• Ubude bebar ya-ukugcina
• Isikhathi sokukhokha
• Isikhathi sokukhokha
• Film thickness
• Isendulo sokudlala

Umthunywa kufanele akhombise amapharamitha okugcina okumelwe kusetyenziswa nokuthola izibhokisi zokuzimela. Ngokuzimela, umthengi kufanele achaze ukuthi izibhokisi zingathola ukuthi zihlale ngokuphelele futhi zingagcina ngokuphelele.

Kufanele kuchazwe ngokusebenzisa isikhathi sokuprodukha esihlukile. Isibhokisi esisewo ngokusebenzisa umuntu kungafanele ukuthi sisebenze ngokuphelele ngokusebenzisa isikhathi esiphakeme.

6. Qonda Ubukhulu Bekugcina futhi Ukuthinteka Kwezinye Izingxenye

Isibhokisi esikhulu somkhumbu kufanele sishumele ukugcina kuzo zonke izindawo zokugcina futhi zokuhambisa. Ukuthinteka kungasendle kubonakala ngenxa yokungafanele kwe-film, ukuthinteka, ukungafanele kwezinhlobo zokugcina, noma ukungafanele kwezibhokisi.

Izinkulungwane eziphikisana nezinkinga zokugcina ziyizwi ezilandelayo:

• Amadolo ombila noma amafuta emithi ngaphakathi kwesikhundla sokugcina
• Ukugcina okungafanele kwezinhlobo zokugcina
• Isikhathi esingafanele sokugcina
• Ukugcina okuphakeme kakhulu
• Amaphakathi amahle ayezilinganisani
• Ububanzi bephakathi abusobala
• Ukuphatha kwe-mashini akupheleki

Amabhisinesiya kufanele abhale isikhundla sokugcina emva kokugcina ngokuphuma kwamafutha nokugcina. Amabhayeshi angapheleki angase akwaziwa emva kokufuna, ukuvula, ukuzinza, nokuhamba.

Kulizinto ezinamazinyo, isikhundla sokugcina singasemthandweni. Noma yikuphi okuncane kwezinyo ezihlukileyo ekugcineni kungathintela ubukhulu bekugcina.

Umthunywa omuhle kufanele abe nesibonelo esikhulu esikhulu sokugcina futhi abe nesiphumo esifanayo esikhundleni esinye.

7. Qhathanisa ukugcina kwezinkulungwane nezinkulungwane zokugcina

Isikhundla sokugcina kuyisici esikhulu kakhulu ekukhetheni ukugcina ngokuphuma kwamafutha.

Kulizinto ezihlukileyo, iphakathi kufanele ibe yisibonelo sokugcina futhi ibe yisibonelo sokugcina emaphakathini. Kulezinto ezihlukileyo, umkhakha kufanele ubhekele isibonelo sokugcina futhi sibe yisibonelo sokugcina emaphakathini.

Amabhisinesiya kufanele aqhatshane:

• Ukuthumba kwakwesibonelo kwezinsuku zokugcina
• Ukuthumba kwakwesibonelo kwezinsuku zokugcina
• Isikhathi sokuthumba
• Umsebenzi wokuvula
• Ukuhambana kwezintemperetura
• Ukuthumela kwezintemperetura ephansi
• Izimo zokugcina kwezinkampani zokugcina

Ukuthumba okuphinda phinde kungabangela ukukhula kwezifunda nezihlangothi. Ngakho-ke, kufanele ukuthenga kwenziwe ngokufanayo nokuthenga kwezinsuku zokugcina kwezinkampani zokugcina.

Umthengisi akafanele akubone isibonelo esithi kusuka kwezinsuku zokugcina uma isibonelo sizothumbwa noma sithumelwa ngendlela enzima.

8. Hlola Ukuthenga Kwamaphakathi

Ukupakisha kwe-vacuum kunciphisa isilwane esikhiywa ngaphakathi kwesack, kodwa isifilm sasefuthi sisinika umphela wokuhlinzeka kwezinto zokudla ngemva kokugcina.

Ngokuchaza kwezinto zokudla, abathengi bangadinga ukubheka:

• Ukuvimbela kwe-oksijini
• Ukuvimbela kwevapor yomsindo
• Ukuhlinza kwezinye izindawo
• Ukuvikela kwezilonga
• Ukuhlinda izindawo
• Ukusebenza kwe-barrier ngokujulile

Izinto zokudla njengekaffee, amanqina, izinkomo ezihlinzwe, ne-cheddar zingahlanganisa ukuphatha okukhulu kwe-oxygen noma kwezinye izindawo. Izinto zokudla ezenziwe ngamandla amaningi azodinga ukuphatha okukhulu kwe-water vapor nokuhlamba.

Inani eliphelele le-barrier lidinga ukubhekwa ngokuchaza kwezinto zokudla nokuphakanyiswa kwezikhathi zokugcina. Ukuzidelela isithembiso sokufaka isithembiso singabiza izindleko, futhi ukunciphisa kakhulu singabiza ukunciphisa kwezinto zokudla.

9. Qiniseka ukuthi kuyasebenza ngokuphelele kwezinto zokudla

Izithembiso zokupakisha kwezinto zokudla kufanele zibe yizinto ezinconyiweyo ngokuchaza kwezinhloso zabo. Ngaphambi kokuvumela umthengi, izibonelo zokuthengisa zidinga ukubona izicabango ezihlukanayo ngamathuba nezithembiso zokupakisha.

Ngokuchaza kwebhazimbi elizodlula, izicabango ezinconyiweyo zingaba:

Isivikeli se-United States

Kwizwe le-United States, izinkhomo zokupakisha ezihambisana nezinkulungwane zokudla kufanele zifanele nezinkinga zokuhambisana nezinkulungwane zokudla. Lokhu kungakhuba izifilmi zempilo, amahloko, amakhanda, izihlangothi, nokunye okusebenzisa kuzo ukupakisha.

Abathengi bafanele bakhiphe izibhalo zokufaneleka nezirhwebu zokuziphatha ngokwesikhathi sokudla esizokusebenzisa futhi nesikhathi sokusebenzisa.

Isivikeli se-Europe

Kwizwe le-Europe, izinkhomo zokuhambisana nezinkulungwane zokudla kufanele zifanele nezinkinga zokuhambisana nezinkulungwane zokudla zase-Europe EC 1935/2004 futhi nezinkinga zokwenza izinto ngendlela elungileyo EC 2023/2006. Izinkhomo zempilo kungakhuba zifanele nezinkinga zase-EU 10/2011.

Ngokwesikhundla sokupakisha, abasupplyi bafanele baphinde baphakamise izirhwebu zokuhambisana, isibhalo sokufaneleka, futhi izinformesheni zokufunda umkhondo wokupakisha.

Amadokhumenti Okukhulu Weziqukitho

Abathengi bezimboni bafanele bakhetha:

• Ukuthi i-ISO 9001
• Ukuhlanzwa kwe-BRCGS Packaging Materials
• Ukuhlanzwa kwe-ISO 22000
• Ukuthumela kwe-HACCP
• Amaphethi wezifundo zokuhamba kwemithombo
• Amaphosti wezifundo zokuzimisa ukugcina
• Amarekodi wokubheka ubude
• Amarekordi okuvumela ukubuka isikhathi sokugcina
• Amaphethi wezifundo zokubheka indawo yokuqala

Izinqumo zokuhlenga zihlukahluka ngomkhakha nokuthengisi. Abathengi baya kubheka isikhundla sokuhlanganisa, isibonelo sesitholeli, isikhathi sokusebenza, nokuthi indawo yokuprodukha iyagcinwa.

10. Yeka Izinkinga Zokupacka Ngokuvacuum Okunamandla

Amabhisinesi angakwakha izinkinga zokupacka ngokubona izinkinga ezinkulu kabefore ukuprodukha kakhulu.

Ukuphuma Kwemithwalo

Izinyama eziphakade, izihlangu, noma izinto eziphakade zokudla zingalungiselela ibhagi. Kufanele usebenzise i-film enenhle noma isithembiso esishisana.

Umvutho Ophakathi Kobhagi

Ukuvacuum akwenzeka ngokuphelele kungase kube ngokugcina kwesixoxo, ukuphakama kwezilwanyana, ububi kobhagi, noma izinkinga zomshini.

Ukungafani kwe- seal

Ukungafani kwe- seal kungakwazi ukuthi kwenziwe ngokufaka isilisa, isikhathi esingafanele, isikhathi esingafanele sokusebenta, noma ukungafani kwezinto ezisebenzayo.

Ukuphatha kwe-film noma ukuguqula umfanekiso

Izibag eziphela kungathinta umfanekiso wabo noma ukusebenta phakathi kwesikhathi sokunquma noma isikhathi sokubeka isibindi. Lokhu kungahlinza umfanekiso futhi kungahlinza ukusebenta.

Amathuba Akungafanele

Amathuba angafanayo kwezilinganiso, ubude, obubanzi, noma indawo yokusebenta kungasiza kususa izindlela zokupaka ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi kungadlula ukuthi kushintsha izinto ezisebenzayo.

Ukugqila kwe-freezer

Into eyasebenza kahle kusukela emhlabeni kungabecala kakhulu lapho ikhululekile. Ukuzimisela okubi kwezinkathi ezincane kuyisifundo esibalulekile kumsebenzi wezinkulungwane zokuhlwa.

11. Hlukanisa abasendisa ngaphezu kwezinhloko zokuthenga

Kukuthenga kwezinto eziningi zokugcina izinkulungwane, ukuchaza kufanele kubhekwe ngokujwayelekile kwezinto zonke kungabi nje i-price.

Ukuhlalwa kwezinkampani zokunika kufanele kufaka isifundo sezinkinga zokunika:

• Uhlobo Lwemali
• Ukubaluleka kwezinto ezifana nezinkolo
• Ukuhlinzeka kwezinkambo zokuphuma kwezinkambo
• Ukusebenza kwesikhumba
• Ukuhambanana kwezinkampani zokunika nezinkampani zokusebenzisa
• Amadokhumenti okuphatha izinkomo
• Isenzo sokuqaphepha
• Ukuthembeka kwezinkampani zokunika ukuthumela izinto
• Ukuthuthukisa isampuli
• Izindlela zokuhlola ubukhulu
• UHLOLA NGEMVA KOMSEBENZI

Ibhagi engeyona ngaphakade ingathwala izindlela eziningi zokuthengiswa uma ibhagi inqamba, ibhagi inqamba, ikhupha umsebenzi wemashini, noma izizathu zokuzithoba kwezinkampani zokuthengisa.

Ngaphandle kwalokho, ibhagi enethembeka ingathwala izindlela zokuthengiswa zonke ngokusebenza kahle kwezibhagi, ukuncipha kwezinkinga, nokulungisa ukulondoloza izinto.

12. Yenza isampula yezinto ozothenga kabusha ngaphambi kokuthenga kabanzi

Ukuchaza isampula kuyisimo esibalulekile phambi kokuthi isibhagi siphatha kakhulu.

Isampula kufanele isondele kwezimo zokusebenza zempilo, futhi kufanele kufaka:

1. Ukufaka iprodukthi
2. Ukukhupha kwe-vacuum
3. Ukugcina ngokuchitha kwe-heat
4. Ukugcina kwe-refrigerated noma kwe-frozen
5. Ukufaka amasimu
6. Ukuncedwa
7. Ukubona iprodukthi emva kokugcina

Umthengisi kufanele achaze iziphumo futhi aqaphele ngezisifundo zomthengisi.

Kusukela kwezinkampani ezingaphezulu, kubalulekile ukubhekisisa ukulingana kwezibalo. Isampula yokuqala ingaba ibonakala kahle, kodwa umthengisi kufanele abeke isithembiso sokulingana kwezinhlobo zemithi, ubude, ukugcina kwe-vacuum, nokuhlelwa kwesikhathi esizayo.

Isiphetho

Ukukhetha izipaki zokugcina kwe-vacuum ezinconywa kakhulu kwezindawo zokugcina izinkampani zokudla kufune ukubhekisisa kabanzi iprodukthi, isithembiso se-film, ubude, ubungu, izinkampani, isikhathi sokugcina, ukulingana kwe-barrier, nokuthola izichazi zokulingana.

Isipaki esihle kufanele sibonekele kahle ngaphandle kokwenza izindlela zokusebenza eziningi. Kufanele sibeke isikhathi sokugcina kwe-vacuum nokugcina kahle ngaphansi komsebenzi, ukugcina, nokuthumela. Kufanele futhi sifanele nezimali zokudla zomkhakha owenziwe.

Kubazikhalisi bokuphatha izinkampani zokudla, abasalela ngokubanzi, nokuthengisa, ukusebenzisa umsunguli wokuphakisha owaziwa kakhulu kungase kusiza ekulahleni kwemiphumela, ukuvutha ukuthenga kwezinkampani, ukulondoloza ubukhulu bekuphatha, nokudala indlela yokuthengisa eyodwa ngokuphelele yezinsukwane eziningi.